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                <h1 id="1-文件管理"><a href="#1-文件管理" class="headerlink" title="1.文件管理"></a>1.文件管理</h1><p>(1)<code>ctrl c</code>: 取消命令，并且换行 <br><br>(2) <code>ctrl u</code>: 清空本行命令<br><br>(3)<code> tab键</code>：可以补全命令和文件名，如果补全不了快速按两下tab键，可以显示备选选项<br><br>(4)<code> ls</code>: 列出当前目录下所有文件，蓝色的是文件夹，白色的是普通文件，绿色的是可执行文件<br><br>(5) <code>pwd</code>-: 显示当前路径<br><br>(6) <code>cd XXX</code>: 进入 XXX 目录下, cd .. 返回上层目录<br><br>(7) <code>cp XXX YYY</code>: 将 XXX 文件复制成 YYY，XXX 和 YYY 可以是一个路径，比如 ..&#x2F;dir_c&#x2F;a.txt，表示上层目录下的dir_c文件夹下的文件a.txt <br><br>(8) <code>mkdir XXX</code>: 创建目录 XXX<br><br>(9) <code>rm XXX</code>: 删除普通文件;  rm XXX -r: 删除文件夹<br><br>(10) <code>mv XXX YYY</code>: 将 XXX 文件移动到 YYY，和cp命令一样，XXX 和 YYY 可以是一个路径；重命名也是用这个命令<br><br>(11) <code>touch XXX</code>: 创建一个文件<br><br>(12) <code>cat XXX</code>: 展示文件XXX中的内容<br><br>(13) 复制文本<br><br>   &emsp; windows&#x2F;Linux下：<code>Ctrl + insert</code>，Mac下：<code>command + c</code> <br><br>(14) 粘贴文本<br><br>   &emsp; windows&#x2F;Linux下：<code>Shift + insert</code>，Mac下：<code>command + v </code><br></p>
<hr>
<h1 id="2-tmux"><a href="#2-tmux" class="headerlink" title="2.tmux"></a>2.tmux</h1><p>功能：<br><br>    (1) 分屏。<br><br>    (2) 允许断开Terminal连接后，继续运行进程。<br><br>结构：<br><br>    一个tmux可以包含多个session，一个session可以包含多个window，一个window可以包含多个pane。<br><br>    实例：</p>
<figure class="highlight text"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs text">tmux:<br>    session 0:<br>        window 0:<br>            pane 0<br>            pane 1<br>            pane 2<br>            ...<br>        window 1<br>        window 2<br>        ...<br>    session 1<br>    session 2<br>    ...<br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<br>
操作：<br>
    (1) tmux：新建一个session，其中包含一个window，window中包含一个pane，pane里打开了一个shell对话框。<br>
    (2) 按下 Ctrl + a 后手指松开，然后按%：将当前pane左右平分成两个pane。<br>
    (3) 按下 Ctrl + a 后手指松开，然后按"（注意是双引号"）：将当前pane上下平分成两个pane。<br>
    (4) Ctrl + d：关闭当前pane；如果当前window的所有pane均已关闭，则自动关闭window；如果当前session的所有window均已关闭，则自动关闭session。<br>
    (5) 鼠标点击可以选pane。<br>
    (6) 按下ctrl + a后手指松开，然后按方向键：选择相邻的pane。<br>
    (7) 鼠标拖动pane之间的分割线，可以调整分割线的位置。<br>
    (8) 按住ctrl + a的同时按方向键，可以调整pane之间分割线的位置。<br>
    (9) 按下ctrl + a后手指松开，然后按z：将当前pane全屏/取消全屏。<br>
    (10) 按下ctrl + a后手指松开，然后按d：挂起当前session。<br>
    (11) tmux a：打开之前挂起的session。<br>
    (12) 按下ctrl + a后手指松开，然后按s：选择其它session。<br>
    
<figure class="highlight text"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs text">方向键 —— 上：选择上一项 session/window/pane<br>方向键 —— 下：选择下一项 session/window/pane<br>方向键 —— 右：展开当前项 session/window<br>方向键 —— 左：闭合当前项 session/window<br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>d(无意义分割行)<br><br><br>    (13) 按下Ctrl + a后手指松开，然后按c：在当前session中创建一个新的window。<br><br>    (14) 按下Ctrl + a后手指松开，然后按w：选择其他window，操作方法与(12)完全相同。<br><br>    (15) 按下Ctrl + a后手指松开，然后按PageUp：翻阅当前pane内的内容。<br><br>    (16) 鼠标滚轮：翻阅当前pane内的内容。<br><br>    (17) 在tmux中选中文本时，需要按住shift键。（仅支持Windows和Linux，不支持Mac，不过该操作并不是必须的，因此影响不大）<br><br>    (18) tmux中复制&#x2F;粘贴文本的通用方式：<br></p>
<figure class="highlight text"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs text">(1) 按下 Ctrl + a 后松开手指，然后按 [<br>(2) 用鼠标选中文本，被选中的文本会被自动复制到 tmux 的剪贴板<br>(3) 按下Ctrl + a 后松开手指，然后按 ] ，会将剪贴板中的内容粘贴到光标处<br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h1 id="3-VIM"><a href="#3-VIM" class="headerlink" title="3.VIM"></a>3.VIM</h1><p>功能：<br>    (1) 命令行模式下的文本编辑器。<br>    (2) 根据文件扩展名自动判别编程语言。支持代码缩进、代码高亮等功能。<br>    (3) 使用方式：vim filename<br>        如果已有该文件，则打开它。<br>        如果没有该文件，则打开个一个新的文件，并命名为filename<br>模式：<br>    (1) 一般命令模式<br>        默认模式。命令输入方式：类似于打游戏放技能，按不同字符，即可进行不同操作。可以复制、粘贴、删除文本等。<br>    (2) 编辑模式<br>        在一般命令模式里按下i，会进入编辑模式。<br>        按下ESC会退出编辑模式，返回到一般命令模式。<br>    (3) 命令行模式<br>        在一般命令模式里按下:&#x2F;?三个字母中的任意一个，会进入命令行模式。命令行在最下面。<br>        可以查找、替换、保存、退出、配置编辑器等。<br>操作：<br>    (1) <code>i</code> ：进入编辑模式<br>    (2) <code> ESC</code>：进入一般命令模式<br>    (3) <code>h </code>或 左箭头键：光标向左移动一个字符<br>    (4) <code>j</code> 或 向下箭头：光标向下移动一个字符<br>    (5) <code>k</code> 或 向上箭头：光标向上移动一个字符<br>    (6) <code>l</code> 或 向右箭头：光标向右移动一个字符<br>    (7) <code>n&lt;Space&gt;</code>：n表示数字，按下数字后再按空格，光标会向右移动这一行的n个字符<br>    (8) <code>0 </code>或 <code>功能键[Home]</code>：光标移动到本行开头<br>    (9) <code>$ </code>或 <code>功能键[End]</code>：光标移动到本行末尾<br>    (10)<code> G</code>：光标移动到最后一行<br>    (11) <code>:n </code>或 <code>nG：</code>n为数字，光标移动到第n行<br>    (12) <code>gg：</code>光标移动到第一行，相当于1G<br>    (13) <code>n&lt;Enter&gt;</code>：n为数字，光标向下移动n行<br>    (14) <code>/word</code> ：向光标之下寻找第一个值为word的字符串。<br>    (15) <code>?word</code>：向光标之上寻找第一个值为word的字符串。<br>    (16) <code>n</code>：重复前一个查找操作<br>    (17) <code>N</code>：反向重复前一个查找操作<br>    (18) <code>:n1,n2s/word1/word2/g</code>：n1与n2为数字，在第n1行与n2行之间寻找word1这个字符串，并将该字符串替换为word2<br>    (19) <code>:1,$s/word1/word2/g</code>：将全文的word1替换为word2<br>    (20) <code>:1,$s/word1/word2/gc</code>：将全文的word1替换为word2，且在替换前要求用户确认。<br>    (21) <code>v</code>：选中文本<br>    (22) <code>d</code>：删除选中的文本<br>    (23) <code>dd</code>: 删除当前行<br>    (24) <code>y</code>：复制选中的文本<br>    (25) <code>yy</code>: 复制当前行<br>    (26) <code>p</code>: 将复制的数据在光标的下一行&#x2F;下一个位置粘贴<br>    (27) <code>u</code>：撤销<br>    (28) <code>Ctrl + r</code>：取消撤销<br>    (29) 大于号 &gt;：将选中的文本整体向右缩进一次<br>    (30) 小于号 &lt;：将选中的文本整体向左缩进一次<br>    (31)<code> :w</code> 保存<br>    (32) <code>:w!</code> 强制保存<br>    (33) <code>:q </code>退出<br>    (34) <code>:q!</code> 强制退出<br>    (35) <code>:wq </code>保存并退出<br>    (36) <code>:set paste</code> 设置成粘贴模式，取消代码自动缩进<br>    (37) <code>:set nopaste</code> 取消粘贴模式，开启代码自动缩进<br>    (38) <code>:set nu</code> 显示行号<br>    (39) <code>:set nonu</code> 隐藏行号<br>    (40) <code>gg=G</code>：将全文代码格式化<br>    (41) <code>:noh</code> 关闭查找关键词高亮<br>    (42) <code>Ctrl + q</code>：当vim<strong>卡死时</strong>，可以取消当前正在执行的命令<br>异常处理：<br>    每次用vim编辑文件时，会自动创建一个.filename.swp的临时文件。<br>    如果打开某个文件时，该文件的swp文件已存在，则会报错。此时解决办法有两种：<br>        (1) 找到正在打开该文件的程序，并退出<br>        (2) 直接删掉该swp文件即可</p>

                
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